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The operating system is a piece of software that manages all of the hardware components in a computer. It allocates the amount of time each program gets to utilize the CPU and allocates disk storage space and protects the data from unauthorised access. It also offers an interface between the hardware and application programs. This enables the software to work with a variety of hardware devices like printers, WiFi adapters and disk drives.
A OS also allows multiple software applications to run simultaneously on the same processor. This is referred to as multitasking. It also allows the user to communicate with the computer using an GUI (graphical) or command-line interface. The operating system may be a single program that runs in memory or a collection of programs and libraries on the hard drive that are loaded into memory as required.
Other crucial functions of an operating system are error detection. The system continuously monitors inputs and outputs to detect errors and avoid further problems. It is also responsible to monitor the network connections and establish security protocols in order to protect against unauthorized access.
The OS also records drivers of devices in a standard file format to make identification easier. It is also able to install and configure drivers when the hardware is upgraded. The OS can also convert a high-level program into machine code by using a compiler and a loader. It can even move data from a disc if it detects bad sectors.
